Abraham Geiger dan Teori Serapan Bahasa Yahudi dalam Al-Qur’an: Analisis Wacana

Abraham Geiger and the Theory of Jewish Linguistic Borrowings in the Qur’an: A Discourse Analysis

Abstract

This article discusses Abraham Geiger’s theory regarding the incorporation of Jewish language into the Qur’an through a discourse analysis approach. Geiger argues that a number of vocabulary terms and concepts in the Qur’an were influenced by Jewish traditions, thereby positioning the Qur’an as a product of historical and cultural interaction. This study aims to analyze the discourse constructions developed by Geiger and to examine the validity of his arguments from the perspectives of contemporary linguistic studies and Qur’anic studies. This study employs a qualitative method based on literature review, utilizing a discourse analysis and historical linguistic approach. The primary sources of this research are Abraham Geiger’s work Was hat Mohammed aus dem Judenthume aufgenommen? as well as various literature related to Orientalism and Semitic linguistics. The results of the study indicate that Geiger’s theory is not only based on linguistic similarities but is also influenced by the 19th-century Orientalist paradigm, which tends to view Islam as a historical product. Furthermore, a number of lexical items considered loanwords are more accurately understood as expressions of the closeness of the Semitic language family rather than evidence of direct borrowing. This study underscores the importance of an objective and multidisciplinary approach in examining linguistic relationships in the Qur’an.