Kesetaraan Gender dalam Al-Qur’an: Analisis Tematik

Gender Equality in the Qur’an: A Thematic Analysis

Abstract

The discourse on gender equality in the Qur’an remains a significant field of academic debate, particularly in relation to the tension between the normative text of revelation and social realities shaped by patriarchal constructions. This article aims to analyze the principle of gender justice in the Qur’an through a thematic exegesis approach (tafsīr maudhu‘ī), situating gender-related verses within ontological, normative, and contextual frameworks. Employing a qualitative-descriptive method, this study conducts a thematic analysis of Qur’anic verses concerning human creation, male–female relations, religious responsibilities, and the distribution of rights and obligations. The findings demonstrate that the Qur’an consistently affirms the ontological and moral equality of men and women, while role differentiation is contextual and functional rather than hierarchical or discriminatory. The principles of justice (al-‘adl) and public welfare (al-maṣlaḥah) serve as the primary foundations for interpreting verses often perceived as gender-biased, such as the concept of qiwāmah and family leadership. Accordingly, a thematic interpretation grounded in gender justice functions not only as a deconstruction of patriarchal exegesis but also as a methodological reconstruction of Qur’anic interpretation that is responsive to contemporary social challenges without compromising textual integrity and the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah).