Ekoteologi Islam Dalam Perspektif Seyyed Hossein Nasr: Rekonstruksi Spiritual atas Krisis Ekologis Modern

Abstract

The modern ecological crisis is not merely caused by the excessive exploitation of natural resources, but is also rooted in a secular-anthropocentric paradigm that separates human beings from the spiritual dimension of nature. This article aims to analyze the concept of Islamic ecotheology from the perspective of Seyyed Hossein Nasr and to explain the spiritual reconstruction he proposes in responding to the modern ecological crisis. This study employs the thematic interpretation (tafsīr mawdhū’ī) method with a philosophical-interpretative approach to ecological verses of the Qur’an, particularly QS. al-Baqarah/2:30 concerning khalīfah, QS. al-Rum/30:41 concerning fasād fī al-ardh, QS. al-Rahman/55:7-9 concerning mīzān, and QS. al-A’raf/7:31 concerning the prohibition of isrāf. The data are analyzed through a dialogue between classical and contemporary Qur’anic exegesis and Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s thought on tauhid, sacred cosmology, and the critique of secular modernity. The findings reveal that Islamic ecotheology in Nasr’s perspective is constructed upon a cosmological worldview that regards nature as a manifestation of the divine signs (āyāt Allāh) possessing spiritual dimensions. Consequently, the human relationship with nature should not be exploitative, but rather based on the principle of amanah-khalifah, which entails the responsibility to preserve cosmic balance. Nasr’s thought further emphasizes that the modern ecological crisis is fundamentally a spiritual crisis resulting from the loss of the sacred consciousness of nature (desacralization of nature). The novelty of this article lies in the synthesis between the ecological interpretation of the Qur’an and Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s metaphysical critique in constructing a paradigm of Islamic ecotheology that is not only ethically oriented, but also epistemological and spiritual as a critique of contemporary ecological modernity.